Memories of the Bureau, 1946 to 1962
Foreword
Terminology
Prologue
Preface
Chapter 1: The Warren Years, 1946 to 1950
Chapter 2: International Meteorology
Chapter 3: The Timcke Years, 1950 to 1955
Chapter 4: A Year at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Chapter 5: The Dwyer Years, 1955 to 1962
Leonard Joseph Dwyer—A Complex Character
Reorganising the Bureau
Public Weather Services
Forecasts for the General Public
Importance of Radio Stations
The Advent of Television
Automatic Telephone Forecast Service
Beacons
Wording and Verification of Forecasts
Warnings
Services for Aviation
Atomic Weapons Tests
Atomic Weapons Tests—Mosaic G1 and G2
Atomic Weapons Tests—Buffalo 1, 2, 3 and 4
Atomic Weapons Tests—Operations Antler, 2 and 3
Atomic Weapons Tests—Minor Trials
Instruments and Observations
Radiosondes
Radar/Radio Winds and Radar Weather Watch
Automatic Weather Stations
Sferics
Meteorological Satellites
Telecommunications
Tropical Cyclones
Bureau Conference on Tropical Cyclones
International Symposium on Tropical Cyclones, Brisbane
Hydrometeorology
Design of Water Storages, Etc
Flood Forecasting
Cloud Seeding
Reduction of Evaporation
Rain Seminar
Cloud Physics
Fire Weather
Research and Special Investigations
International Activities
The International Geophysical Year
The Antarctic and Southern Ocean
International Symposium on Antarctic Meteorology
International Antarctic Analysis Centre
ADP, EDP and Computers
Training
Publications
Management Conference
Services Conference
CSIRO and the Universities
Achievements of the Dwyer Years
Chapter 6: A Springboard for the Future
Appendix 1: References
Appendix 2: Reports, Papers, Manuscripts
Appendix 3: Milestones
Appendix 4: Acknowledgements
Appendix 5: Summary by H. N. Warren of the Operation of the Meteorological Section of Allied Air Headquarters, Brisbane, 1942–45
Endnotes
Index
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Services for Aviation (continued)
Most Bureau Observing Offices were located at civil aerodromes, many little more than landing strips at remote locations such as Oodnadatta.The Bureau's Weather News issues from 1956 to 1962 contain regular reviews of aviation activities, some in considerable detail. An index of these references is included in the Bureau's Metarch Papers No 1. The reports in Weather News are in three categories, tabulations of numbers of forecasts issued, changes in aviation services and general aspects.
The reports emphasise the growth in variety of services provided and the number of forecasts issued. It is obvious that there was considerable difficulty in staffing the aerodromes to meet the requirements of a rapidly expanding aviation industry and that it was necessary to change the manner in which service was provided. Changes were made to arrangements for issuing flight and aerodrome forecasts. Towards the end of the Dwyer years the annual total of forecasts issued was about 290 000, of which 164 000 were flight forecasts of conditions en route, 98 000 were aerodrome forecasts and 27 000 were area forecasts.
The total number of forecasts issued would have been much larger if the system used in 1955 had been retained. With the limited number of staff available for duty in aviation offices it was necessary to replace individual forecasts for light aircraft by a system of area forecasts. It also became necessary to modify office routines. Forecasters had less time for the personal briefing of individual pilots which had been routine in earlier times.
The rapid increase in the number of aircraft movements in and out of the busier airports meant that fog or overcast low cloud resulted in an aerial traffic jam in holding patterns around capital city airports. This caused demands for increased accuracy in aerodrome forecasts of these conditions at the busier aerodromes.
These demands increased the stress on the busy forecasters and meteorological officers in charge of capital city airports and also on those in Central Office responsible for improvements in telecommunications, instruments, observations, research and other facilities and procedures.
People in Bright Sparcs - Dwyer, Leonard Joseph
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© Online Edition Australian Science and Technology Heritage Centre and Bureau of Meteorology 2001
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